1. Raw Material: The Base of the Process
Everything starts with the selection of raw materials. The production of wood pellets primarily uses wood waste, such as sawdust, wood chips, and leftover wood from furniture and sawmill industries. These residues are chosen for their high energy density and low moisture content.
 

2. Drying: Reducing Moisture
The collected wood undergoes a drying process. The moisture content is reduced to around 10%, as dry wood is essential for the efficiency of pellet combustion and to ensure the pellets maintain their shape during production.
 

3. Grinding: Turning into Fine Particles
After drying, the wood is ground into fine, uniform particles. This step is crucial for ensuring the consistency of the final pellet and facilitating the compacting process.
 

4. Screening: Ensuring Quality
The ground material is screened to remove impurities and larger particles that could compromise the quality of the pellets. Only fine particles move on to the next stages.
 

5. Pelletizing: Shaping the Pellets
The screened particles are directed into a pelletizing press. Here, under high pressure and temperature, they are compacted and extruded through cylindrical molds, forming small solid cylinders – the pellets. No glue or binding agents are needed, as the lignin in the wood acts as a natural "glue."
 

6. Cooling: Ensuring Stability
After pressing, the pellets are still hot and slightly soft. They go through a cooling process, where air is used to stabilize their shape and increase durability.
 

7. Final Screening and Storage
The cooled pellets are screened again to remove dust and broken particles. The perfect pellets are then stored in silos or large bags, ready for distribution.
 

8. Transport: Reaching the Destination
Finally, the pellets are packaged and transported to industries that use them as biofuel. This transportation can be done in bulk or in bags, depending on the customer's needs.
 

Benefits of Wood Pellets
 

Sustainability:
They use wood waste, reducing waste production.
 

Low Emission of Pollutants:
Compared to fossil fuels, burning pellets releases fewer pollutants.
 

Energy Efficiency:
They have a high calorific value and are efficient in generating energy.

Wood pellets are a renewable and efficient solution for energy generation, contributing to environmental and energy sustainability. The production process, from raw materials to the final product, involves careful steps to ensure the quality and efficiency of this biofuel.